Scattering of elastic waves by a plane crack of finite width in a transversely isotropic medium     

J. M. Carcione 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1998,22(4):263-275

This work presents a numerical algorithm for solving crack scattering in a transversely isotropic medium whose symmetry axis is perpendicular to the crack surface. The crack is modelled as boundary discontinuities in the displacement u and the particle velocity v, of the stresses [κu+ζv], where the brackets denote discontinuities across the interface. The specific stiffness κ introduces frequency-dependence and phase changes in the interface response and the specific viscosity ζ is related to the energy loss. The numerical method is based on a domain decomposition technique that assignes a different mesh to each side of the interface, that includes the crack plane. As stated above, the effects of the crack on wave propagation are modelled through the boundary conditions, that require a special boundary treatment based on characteristic variables. The algorithm solves the particle velocity–stress wave equations and two additional first-order differential equations (two-dimensional case) in the displacement discontinuity. For each mesh, the spatial derivatives normal to the interface are solved by the Chebyshev method, and the spatial derivatives parallel to the interface are computed with the Fourier method. They allow a highly accurate implementation of the boundary conditions and computation of the spatial derivatives, and an optimal discretization of the model space. Moreover, the algorithm allows general material variability. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Scattering process of internal waves propagating over a subcritical strait slope onto a shelf region     

DAI Dejun WANG Wei QIAO Fangli YUAN Yeli 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2005,4(4):377-382

The scattering process, which means the redistribution of energy fluy in modenumber space, is analyzed for internal waves propagating from the abyssal ocean onto a subcritical strait slope and then a shelf region. In light of Wunsch＇s work, the waves are analytically expressed as superimposition of eigensolutions distribution of energy flux in the shelf region： one is the ratio of water depth in and the other is the ratio of the slope of the internal tide rays to the topographic energy flux distribution： the energy flux is focused around one modenumber or case, the range of modenumbers where energy flux is distributed is narrow. Two parameters have evident effects on the the shelf region to that in the abyssal ocean slope. Generally, there are two patterns of focused around two modenumbers. In any case, the range of modenumbers where energy flux is distributed is narrow.  相似文献   

恒星仿真器多串口通讯实现     

朱永兴  张超 《北京测绘》2010,(2):10-12

主要介绍如何利用VC++6.0中的ActiveX控件MSComm,在恒星模拟器的单文档(SDI)视图下实现多串口通讯以及对接收数据的处理方法,并给出了相应的程序代码。  相似文献   

多方位角图像决策融合的SAR目标识别   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

宦若虹  杨汝良 《遥感学报》2010,14(2):257-266

提出了一种基于多方位角图像决策融合的合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像目标识别方法。对目标切片图像用二维小波分解和主成分分析提取特征向量,利用支持向量机对特征向量进行分类,用贝叶斯方法对目标多幅不同方位角下图像的分类输出进行决策融合,得到最终类别决策。用MSTAR数据库中3个目标进行识别实验,实验结果表明,对3幅以上不同方位角的图像进行决策融合时,该方法可显著提高目标的正确识别率。该方法是一种有效的SAR图像目标识别方法。  相似文献   

陕西商洛“6.30”强冰雹过程环境条件及雷达特征分析     

郭莉  黄少妮  董淑珍  刘坤  井宇  郑亚宁 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2024,18(3):40-46

利用地面加密资料、多普勒雷达观测资料、ERA5（0.25°×0.25°）逐小时再分析资料,对2022年6月30日出现在陕南东部的一次极端强冰雹天气过程的环境条件及雷达特征进行了分析。结果表明：高空冷涡后部偏北气流带动高层干冷空气南下,叠加在低层西南暖湿气流之上,造成强的位势不稳定层结,为强对流天气发生提供了有利的背景条件。较强的低层水汽输送及辐合、强的对流有效位能、适宜的0 ℃和-20 ℃等温线高度、0～6 km中等强度的垂直风切变为冰雹天气发生提供了有利的环境条件,中高层冷空气及地面冷池触发了强对流天气的发生。适宜的冷暖云厚度有利于雹粒的增大;强的上升气流有利于小雹粒在丰富的过冷水中循环增长。基本反射率因子图上有三体散射,最强反射率因子达65 dBz以上,剖面图上有低层弱回波区、中高层回波悬垂,50 dBz以上的强回波核心位置超过-20 ℃层等温线高度。基本速度图上有中气旋特征,回波顶高对对流发展和减弱有一定指示意义。VIL跃增20 kg/m-2以上对冰雹天气预警有一定的提前量。  相似文献   

Derivation and verification of empirical catchment response time equations for medium to large catchments in South Africa          下载免费PDF全文

O. J. Gericke  J. C. Smithers 《水文研究》2016,30(23):4384-4404

Despite uncertainties and errors in measurement, observed peak discharges are the best estimate of the true peak discharge from a catchment. However, in ungauged catchments, the catchment response time is a fundamental input to all methods of estimating peak discharges; hence, errors in estimated catchment response time directly impact on estimated peak discharges. In South Africa, this is particularly the case in ungauged medium to large catchments where practitioners are limited to use empirical methods that were calibrated on small catchments not located in South Africa. The time to peak (T_P), time of concentration (T_C) and lag time (T_L) are internationally the most frequently used catchment response time parameters and are normally estimated using either hydraulic or empirical methods. Almost 95% of all the time parameter estimation methods developed internationally are empirically based. This paper presents the derivation and verification of empirical T_P equations in a pilot scale study using 74 catchments located in four climatologically different regions of South Africa, with catchment areas ranging from 20 km² to 35 000 km². The objective is to develop unique relationships between observed T_P values and key climatological and geomorphological catchment predictor variables in order to estimate catchment T_P values at ungauged catchments. The results show that the derived empirical T_P equation(s) meet the requirement of consistency and ease of application. Independent verification tests confirmed the consistency, while the statistically significant independent predictor variables included in the regressions provide a good estimation of catchment response times and are also easy to determine by practitioners when required for future applications in ungauged catchments. It is recommended that the methodology used in this study should be expanded to other catchments to enable the development of a regional approach to improve estimation of time parameters on a national‐scale. However, such a national‐scale application would not only increase the confidence in using the suggested methodology and equation(s) in South Africa, but also highlights that a similar approach could be adopted internationally. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A perturbative analysis of non-linear inversion     

Roel Snieder 《Geophysical Journal International》1990,101(3):545-556

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Radiative bulk viscosity     

Xinzhong Chen  Edward A. Spiegel 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2001,323(4):865-871

Viscous resistance to changes in the volume of a gas arises when different degrees of freedom have different relaxation times. Collisions tend to oppose the resulting departures from equilibrium and, in so doing, generate entropy. Even for a classical gas of hard spheres, when the mean free paths or mean flight times of constituent particles are long we find a non-vanishing bulk viscosity. Here we apply a method recently used to uncover this result for a classical rarefied gas to radiative transfer theory, and derive an expression for the radiative stress tensor for a grey medium with absorption and Thomson scattering. We determine the transport coefficients through the calculation of the comoving entropy generation. When scattering dominates absorption, the bulk viscosity may be much larger than either the shear viscosity or the thermal conductivity.  相似文献   

Wave Transformation and Scattering on Stationary Charged Particles in a Magnetoactive Plasma. II     

N. B. Nersisyan  D. M. Sedrakyan  H. H. Matevosyan 《Astrophysics》2002,45(2):184-190

The transformation of upper-hybrid, lower-hybrid, and magnetosonic waves on a heavy charged particle lying at the plane boundary of a magnetoactive plasma is considered. The angular distribution of the radiation resulting from wave transformation is investigated. The transformation of a low-frequency magnetosonic wave is suggested as a possible mechanism for pulsar radio emission.  相似文献   

Polarization of X-ray emission from the Sgr B2 cloud     

E.Churazov  R.Sunyaev  S.Sazonov 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2002,330(4):817-820

The Sgr B2 giant molecular cloud is claimed to be an 'X-ray reflection nebula'– the reprocessing site of a powerful flare of the Sgr A* source, which occurred a few hundred years ago. The shape of the X-ray spectrum and the strength of the iron fluorescent line support this hypothesis. We argue that the cleanest test of the origin of X-rays from Sgr B2 would be a detection of polarized emission from this source.  相似文献